Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• , iron oxide nanoparticles are the most prominent ones because of their biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of synthesis, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. The influence of a magnetic field can also increase temperature generation by such nanoparticles, which is called magnetic hyperthermia

• photothermal properties are superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), which are commonly used as a magnetic hyperthermia agent. Because of the excellent absorption in the NIR region, they have been investigated also as photothermal agents [68]. Iron oxide nanoparticles have better stability and

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• to develop new topical treatments can mean a revolution. SPIONs could be used for topical application, associated with drugs and combined or not with thermotherapy by magnetic hyperthermia. Furthermore, the treatment can be applied to the localized cutaneous lesion, making the treatment more specific

• ). Discussion SPIONs represent a new approach to diagnosing and treating diseases, particularly when associated with magnetic hyperthermia, an emerging form of active treatment [14][15][16][17][18]. However, despite all their potential, the synthesis processes of the SPIONs are characterized by being expensive

• the effects of using iron oxide nanoparticles [11][12][15][33][34][35]. Recently, the effects of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were demonstrated in L. mexicana axenic amastigotes. First, the amastigotes were treated with 200 µg/mL of magnetic nanoparticles. Subsequently, magnetic hyperthermia was

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• of the field-free point is obtained for assemblies with different nanoparticle size distributions. The results obtained seem to be helpful for the development of a promising joint application of magnetic nanoparticle imaging and magnetic hyperthermia. Keywords: dynamic hysteresis loop; magnetic

• nanoparticles in biomedicine are magnetic particle imaging (MPI) [4][5][6] and magnetic hyperthermia (MH) [1][2][6][7]. Magnetic hyperthermia uses the ability of magnetic nanoparticles to generate heat under the influence of an external alternating (ac) magnetic field of moderate frequency, f = 200–400 kHz, and

• amplitude, Hac = 100–200 Oe [1][7][8]. In magnetic hyperthermia, magnetic nanoparticles are introduced into the tumor and heated by absorbing the energy of the ac magnetic field. The intensity of heat release is characterized by the specific absorption rate (SAR) of an assembly. Maintaining a temperature in

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• imaging and magnetic hyperthermia. These particle sizes were smaller than those obtained by high-energy methods (i.e., sonication) [60]. The presence of PLGA in the oil (organic phase) impacts the phase behavior of surfactant systems and thus the phase transitions that take place upon water addition to

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• drug release and photothermal cell killing were realized [78]. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is another hyperthermia strategy, which generates heat under the excitation of a magnetic field [98]. Magnetic NPs have shown promise in diagnosis and therapeutic effects due to their multiple functions (e.g

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• MRI imaging, targeted drug delivery and hyperthermia therapy [8][9]. Hyperthermia therapy can be achieved by using either magnetic fields or NIR irradiation. Application of an external alternating magnetic field on these nanoparticles leads to the production of heat to mediate magnetic hyperthermia

• , whereas exposure to and subsequent absorption of NIR light by iron oxide nanoparticles promotes NIR-induced hyperthermia [10]. Although magnetic hyperthermia has been widely used in biomedical research, it is subject to several limitations such as the need for sophisticated equipment, cellular confinement

• and lower hyperthermia efficiency [11]. Indeed, other researchers find that the temperature increase by magnetic hyperthermia is much lower than that of NIR-induced heating, presumably due to the coating layers needed for biological dispersion [12]. Yu et al. first discovered strong photothermal

Heating ability of elongated magnetic nanoparticles

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova,
• Nikolai A. Usov and
• Vladimir A. Oleinikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1404–1412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.104

• of magnitude with an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles in a cluster in the range of 0.04–0.2. Keywords: elongated magnetic nanoparticles; magnetic hyperthermia; numerical simulation; specific absorption rate; Introduction Magnetic nanoparticle assemblies have great potential for the

• use in biomedicine, in particular, in magnetic hyperthermia [1][2][3][4], a new promising approach for cancer treatment. In this method, magnetic nanoparticles introduced into a tumor and excited by an alternating (ac) low-frequency magnetic field are able to warm up malignant tissues locally. In most

• cases this stops the tumor growth and results in its decay. However, it are magnetic nanoparticles with low toxicity and a high specific absorption rate (SAR) of the energy of the ac magnetic field that are needed in magnetic hyperthermia. The use of optimized assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles can

Transient coating of γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles with glutamate for its delivery to and removal from brain nerve terminals

• Konstantin Paliienko,
• Artem Pastukhov,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Olga Vasylchenko and
• Tatiana Borisova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1381–1393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.122

• due to their magnetism and chemical stability [9][10][11][12][13]. Among a variety of other nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are used for magnetic resonance imaging in cancer theranostics and magnetic hyperthermia [9][10][11][14]. Controlled magnetic fields can lead to induced

Magnetic-field-assisted synthesis of anisotropic iron oxide particles: Effect of pH

• Andrey V. Shibaev,
• Petr V. Shvets,
• Darya E. Kessel,
• Roman A. Kamyshinsky,
• Anton S. Orekhov,
• Sergey S. Abramchuk,
• Alexei R. Khokhlov and
• Olga E. Philippova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1230–1241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.107

• properties and a larger length-scale of the locally induced magnetic field in comparison to nanospheres with a similar volume, providing an enhanced MRI contrast [11][19][23], higher specific adsorption rate in magnetic hyperthermia [13], and better separation efficiency in magnetic separation of immune

Influence of the magnetic nanoparticle coating on the magnetic relaxation time

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1207–1216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.105

• relaxation time; nanoparticle coating; numerical simulation; stochastic Langevin dynamics method; superparamagnetic nanoparticles; Introduction One of the most important biomedical applications of colloidal magnetic nanoparticle systems is magnetic hyperthermia applied as an alternative for cancer treatment

• generating heat. This heat increases the tumour cell temperature which leads to cell death [1][2][3][4]. Iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles, in particular magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), have been intensely studied in the context of magnetic hyperthermia applications. These nanoparticles can be

• that influence the characteristics of the final material [7]. Uncoated superparamagnetic nanoparticles are difficult to synthesise since they are not stable in colloidal suspensions. Therefore, it is challenging to use these nanoparticles in magnetic hyperthermia therapy [8]. By exposing these

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• alternating magnetic field [30]. Currently, it is used only as an alternative therapy and nearly always in combination with other therapies [34]. Results have shown that even non-magnetic hyperthermia (water-bath method) using SPIONs has cytotoxic effects [35]. Many studies focus on the potential of SPIONs as

Dynamics of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in viscous liquids in rotating magnetic fields

• Nikolai A. Usov,
• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Vasiliy A. Bautin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2294–2303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.221

• SAR values of the order of 400–500 W/g can be obtained in a rotating magnetic field with a frequency f = 400 kHz and a moderate magnetic field amplitude H0 = 100 Oe. Keywords: magnetic hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles; numerical simulation; rotating magnetic field; specific absorption rate

• ; viscous liquid; Introduction Magnetic nanoparticles are promising materials in various areas of biomedicine [1][2][3][4], such as magnetic resonance imaging [5][6][7], targeted drug delivery [8][9][10], and magnetic hyperthermia [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Iron oxide nanoparticles are most

• frequently used in biomedicine due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and relatively high saturation magnetization. In magnetic hyperthermia [2][3][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] magnetic nanoparticles are directly introduced into a tumor and are exposed to an alternating magnetic field

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• genomic and proteomic analysis [5], for drug delivery [6], as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents [7], and for magnetic hyperthermia [8]. This wide variety of applications is due to the unique combination of magnetic, optical and chemical properties that are characteristic of MNPs. However

The effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the properties of hard and soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles

• Hajar Jalili,
• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Ali Ghotbi Varzaneh and
• Volodymyr A. Chernenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1348–1359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.133

• ) and especially magnetic hyperthermia therapy, which is one of the efficient and new approaches for cancer treatment [4][15]. When magnetic NPs concentrated in tumor tissue are exposed to an ac magnetic field, the electromagnetic energy is converted into thermal energy, and the generated heat is used

• particle size, which is clearly visible in the FE-SEM images (Figure 3). Magnetic hyperthermia In order to study the heat generation of the nanoparticles for a potential use in magnetic hyperthermia therapy, the samples were dispersed into deionized water at the same concentration (111 mg/mL) and exposed

• magnetic hyperthermia. However, it is not an intrinsic property of a given system. It depends on the field amplitude and frequency. Therefore, the intrinsic loss power (ILP) parameter also is useful to compare the heating behavior measured under different values of f and H [51][52]: The values of SAR and

On the relaxation time of interacting superparamagnetic nanoparticles and implications for magnetic fluid hyperthermia

• Andrei Kuncser,
• Nicusor Iacob and
• Victor E. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1280–1289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.127

• static and time-dependent micromagnetic simulations. Keywords: magnetic hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles; magnetic relaxation time; micromagnetic simulation; Introduction Magnetic relaxation phenomena in nanoparticulate systems are under intensive investigation today, especially due to their

• magnetic hyperthermia therapy. Usually the system consists of MNPs dispersed in an aqueous medium, known also as a ferrofluid. The heat transfer from the specifically configured AC field (with biologically compatible amplitude and frequency) to the tissue loaded with suitably functionalized MNPs can be

• -transfer equation which is of key interest in the optimization of cancer therapy by magnetic hyperthermia therapy [19]. The second option may be effective in exploiting the theoretical models proposed for linking the experimental SAR dependencies to the physical mechanisms. From the theoretical point-of

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• , targeting tumor sites using an external magnetic field, MRI contrast agents, or magnetic hyperthermia. Under physiological conditions, the nanoparticle surface is exposed to the action of biomolecules, oxygen, peroxides, and radicals, which changes particle properties and behavior. Moreover, Fe2+ ions can

Heating ability of magnetic nanoparticles with cubic and combined anisotropy

• Nikolai A. Usov,
• Mikhail S. Nesmeyanov,
• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Natalia B. Epshtein

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 305–314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.29

• ; Introduction Magnetic hyperthermia [1][2][3] is a promising therapeutic method that can be used in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment. Iron oxide nanoparticles are among the materials most popular for application in biomedicine due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability [4

• ] and sufficiently high saturation magnetization [5]. However, only nanoparticles with a high specific absorption rate (SAR) in an alternating external magnetic field are suitable for magnetic hyperthermia. Therefore, a significant number of recent experimental studies [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14

• SAR of the assembly is maximal. According to Figure 3 and Figure 6, this is also true for an assembly of magnetite nanoparticles with cubic or combined anisotropy. Unfortunately, this important fact attracts little interest of researchers working in the field of magnetic hyperthermia. Actually

Hybrid Au@alendronate nanoparticles as dual chemo-photothermal agent for combined cancer treatment

• Anouchka Plan Sangnier,
• Romain Aufaure,
• Laurence Motte,
• Claire Wilhelm,
• Erwann Guenin and
• Yoann Lalatonne

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2947–2952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.273

• strategy to increase the PTT efficiency is the combination with magnetic hyperthermia [28], or with chemotherapy [29][30]. Using a one-pot synthesis strategy, we developed Au@alendronate NPs for a combined application of the antitumor activity of alendronate and an efficient gold-mediated PTT. We further

Size-selected Fe₃O₄–Au hybrid nanoparticles for improved magnetism-based theranostics

• Maria V. Efremova,
• Yulia A. Nalench,
• Eirini Myrovali,
• Anastasiia S. Garanina,
• Ivan S. Grebennikov,
• Polina K. Gifer,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Marina Spasova,
• Makis Angelakeris,
• Alexander G. Savchenko,
• Michael Farle,
• Natalia L. Klyachko,
• Alexander G. Majouga and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2684–2699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.251

• MS values) is not reached, an additional stabilization by agarose seems to play a decisive role for significantly enhanced r2 values [57]. This means that the effectiveness of the hybrid materials as contrast agents increases under in vitro and in vivo operational conditions. Magnetic hyperthermia

• since it affirms the application of the NPs for magnetic hyperthermia in conditions comparable to the intracellular environment. Moreover, the SLP values of the larger NPs are adequate to promote significant heating in the in vitro experiments following. In vitro test of performance The high contrast

• support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the framework of Increase Competitiveness Program of NUST “MISIS” No. K2-2018-008 (magnetic hyperthermia). M.E. gratefully acknowledges the DAAD scholarship program No. 57314023. U.W. gratefully acknowledges the financial

Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• from MRI contrast agents to drug-delivery systems, local heat sources in magnetic hyperthermia therapy of tumors, magnetically assisted transfection of cells, and magnetic field-assisted separation techniques. Let us to note that MRI is already widely used in human medicine and several iron-oxide-based

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• values for the specific power loss when subjected to alternating magnetic fields, giving this material great potential for the magnetically induced hyperthermia-based treatment of cancer. Keywords: magnetic hyperthermia; magnetic properties; nanocomposites; superparamagnetic; Introduction Magnetic iron

• coercivity in the absence of an external magnetic field [1][2]. Their colloidal suspensions are vital in a variety of technological [3] and biomedical applications [4], such as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [5][6], targeted drug delivery [6] and magnetic hyperthermia based on the

• deliver local magnetic hyperthermia [13]. One of the key properties of the formulation was the colloidal stability of the magnetic nanoparticles in the polymer solution. Acrylic-based cements are extensively used for the fixation of implantable prosthesis or in vertebroplasty, i.e., the procedure to fix

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• ]. Generally, biocompatible magnetite (Fe3O4), iron oxide, iron sulfides and maghemite (Fe2O3) are synthesized using magnetotactic bacteria [156][157] that helps in targeted cancer treatment via magnetic hyperthermia, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DNA analysis and gene therapy [158]. Moreover, surface

Antitumor magnetic hyperthermia induced by RGD-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, in an experimental model of colorectal liver metastases

• Oihane K. Arriortua,
• Eneko Garaio,
• Borja Herrero de la Parte,
• Maite Insausti,
• Luis Lezama,
• Fernando Plazaola,
• Jose Angel García,
• Jesús M. Aizpurua,
• Maialen Sagartzazu,
• Mireia Irazola,
• Nestor Etxebarria,
• Ignacio García-Alonso,
• Alberto Saiz-López and
• José Javier Echevarria-Uraga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1532–1542, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.147

• the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain, Galdakao Usansolo Hospital, 48960 Bizkaia, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.7.147 Abstract This work reports important advances in the study of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) related to their application in different research fields such as magnetic hyperthermia

• achieved. The nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy and magnetic hyperthermia. The nanoparticles present superparamagnetic behavior with very high magnetization values, which yield

• alternating magnetic field in order to achieve hyperthermia. The evolution of an in vivo model has been described, resulting in a significant reduction in tumor viability. Keywords: magnetite nanoparticles; magnetic hyperthermia; RGD functionalization; tumor targeting; Introduction Colorectal liver

An adapted Coffey model for studying susceptibility losses in interacting magnetic nanoparticles

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2173–2182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.223

• frequencies and amplitudes of external magnetic fields for biomedical applications, especially for tumor therapy by magnetic hyperthermia. Keywords: hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles; relaxation process; specific loss power; susceptibility losses; Introduction Magnetic nanoparticles are important for

• basis for practical magnetic hyperthermia than small nanoparticles [6]. Usually, the magnetite nanoparticles used in hyperthermia have a diameter above 53 nm but below the diameter above which objects are no more considered to be “nano” (100 or 200 nm, according to the bibliographic sources). Actually

• , magnetite is considered the most favourable material in magnetic hyperthermia. At about 30 nm particle diameter the behaviour of magnetite nanoparticles changes from single-domain to multi-domain state [7], representing the critical dimension of magnetite-based nanoparticles. The tendency for agglomeration

Comparative evaluation of the impact on endothelial cells induced by different nanoparticle structures and functionalization

• Lisa Landgraf,
• Ines Müller,
• Peter Ernst,
• Miriam Schäfer,
• Christina Rosman,
• Isabel Schick,
• Oskar Köhler,
• Hartmut Oehring,
• Vladimir V. Breus,
• Thomas Basché,
• Carsten Sönnichsen,
• Wolfgang Tremel and
• Ingrid Hilger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 300–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.28

• ; Introduction To advance the field of nanomedicine, innovative nanoparticle formulations with suitable properties for diagnostic imaging, therapy (e.g., magnetic hyperthermia), delivery of drugs and siRNA have been developed. Apart from their feasibility for the respective application many of these